Industrial and Commercial Bank of China was established on 1 January 1984 and wholly restructured to a joint-stock limited company on 28 October 2005; it was listed on both the Shanghai Stock Exchange and The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited on 27 October 2006.
Bank of China was founded in Shanghai on February 5, 1912, and has since evolved from central banking and international exchange functions into a large-scale banking group with multinational operations.